Authgear
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  • Authgear Overview
  • Get Started
    • 5-Minute Guide
    • Start Building
    • Single-Page App
      • JavaScript (Web)
      • React
      • Angular
      • Vue
    • Native/Mobile App
      • iOS SDK
      • Android SDK
        • Android Kotlin coroutine support
        • Android OKHttp Interceptor Extension (Optional)
      • Flutter SDK
      • React Native SDK
      • Ionic SDK
      • Xamarin SDK
      • Using Authgear without SDK (Client side)
    • Regular Web App
      • Express
      • Next.js
      • Python Flask App
      • Java Spring Boot
      • ASP.NET Core MVC
      • Laravel
      • PHP
    • Backend/API Integration
      • Client SDK to make authorized API calls to backend
      • Validate JWT in your backend
      • Forward Authentication to Authgear Resolver Endpoint
    • AI Coding tools
      • Cursor/Windsurf
    • Integration by OIDC
    • Integration by SAML
      • Use Authgear as SAML Identity Provider for Salesforce
      • Use Authgear as SAML Identity Provider for Dropbox
      • SAML Attribute Mapping
  • Authentication and Access
    • Authentication
      • Add Passkeys Login
      • Add WhatsApp OTP Login
      • Add Email Magic Link Login
      • Add Biometric Login
      • Add Anonymous Users
      • Enable Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)
      • Re-authentication
      • Set Password Expiry
      • Change Forgot/Reset Password settings
      • Add authentication to any web page
    • Single Sign-on Overview
      • App2App Login
      • App2Web (Pre-authenticated URLs)
      • Web2App (From Mobile Apps to Browsers)
      • Force Authgear to Show Login Page
      • Single Sign-on with OIDC
      • Single Sign-on with SAML
    • Social/Enterprise Login Providers Overview
      • Social Login Providers
        • Connect Apps to Apple
        • Connect Apps to Google
        • Connect Apps to Facebook
        • Connect Apps to GitHub
        • Connect Apps to LinkedIn
        • Connect Apps to WeChat
      • Enterprise Login Providers
        • Connect Apps to Azure Active Directory
        • Connect Apps to Microsoft AD FS
        • Connect Apps to Azure AD B2C
      • Force Social/Enterprise Login Providers to Show Login Screen
  • FAQ for Authentication
    • Tips for Apple App Store Review with Passwordless Login
    • Phone Number Validation
    • Skip Login Screen and Direct Users to Enterprise Login
    • Use the OAuth 2.0 State Parameter
    • Local Dev Setup for Connecting to Authgear SaaS in Cookie-based Auth
  • Integration
    • Add custom fields to a JWT Access Token
    • User Profiles
      • What is User Profile
      • Access User Profiles
      • Update User Profiles
      • Profile Custom Attributes
      • Update user profile on sign-up using Hooks
    • Mobile Apps
      • Force authentication on app launch
      • Customize the Login Pop-up / Disable the login alert box
    • Integration with other Software
      • Integrate Authgear with Firebase
      • Integrate with Google Tag Manager
    • FAQ for Integration
      • How to Track User Before and After Signup?
      • What happens with user directly access the Authgear Endpoint?
  • Customization
    • Built-in UI
      • Branding in Auth UI
      • User Settings
      • Privacy Policy & Terms of Service Links
      • Customer Support Link
      • Custom Text
      • Languages and Localization
    • Custom UI
      • Authentication Flow API
      • Implement Authentication Flow API using Express
      • Implement Authentication Flow API using PHP
      • Add Custom Login/Signup UI to Native Apps
      • Manually Link OAuth Provider using Account Management API
      • Implement a custom account recovery UI using Authentication Flow API
    • Custom Domain
    • Custom Email and SMS Templates
    • Custom Email Provider
    • Custom SMS Provider
      • Twilio
      • Webhook/Custom Script
    • Events and Hooks
      • Event List
      • Webhooks
      • JavaScript / TypeScript Hooks
      • Example: Only Allow Signups from Inside the Corporate Network using Hooks
  • Admin & Operations
    • Monitor
      • Audit Log For Users Activities
      • Audit Log for Admin API and Portal
      • Analytics
    • User Management
      • Account Deletion
      • Import Users using User Import API
      • Export Users using the User Export API
      • Manage Users Roles and Groups
      • How to Handle Password While Creating Accounts for Users
    • Migration
      • Bulk migration
      • Rolling migration
      • Zero-downtime migration
  • Security
    • Brute-force Protection
    • Bot Protection
    • Non-HTTP scheme redirect URI
    • Password Strength
  • Reference
    • APIs
      • Admin API
        • Authentication and Security
        • API Schema
        • API Queries and Mutations
        • Using global node IDs
        • Retrieving users using Admin API
        • API Examples
          • Generate OTP code
          • Search for users
          • Update user's picture
          • Update user's standard attributes
      • Authentication Flow API
      • OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect (OIDC)
        • Supported Scopes
        • UserInfo
      • User Import API
      • User Export API
    • Tokens
      • JWT Access Token
      • Refresh Token
    • Rate Limits
      • Account Lockout
    • Glossary
    • Billing FAQ
  • Authgear ONCE
    • What is Authgear ONCE
    • Install Authgear ONCE on a VM
    • Install Authgear ONCE on Amazon Web Services (AWS)
    • Install Authgear ONCE on Vultr
  • Concepts
    • Identity Fundamentals
    • Authgear use cases
    • User, Identity and Authenticator
  • Client App SDKs
    • Javascript SDK Reference
    • iOS SDK Reference
    • Android SDK Reference
    • Flutter SDK Reference
    • Xamarin SDK Reference
  • Deployment
    • Run with Docker
    • Deploy with Helm chart
    • Authenticating HTTP request with Nginx
    • Configuration
      • Environment Variables
      • authgear.yaml
      • authgear.secrets.yaml
    • Architecture Guides
      • AWS Reference Architecture
      • Azure Reference Architecture
      • Google Cloud Reference Architecture
      • Throughput Scaling Reference
  • Troubleshooting
    • How to Fix SubtleCrypto: digest() undefined Error in Authgear SDK
    • How to Fix CORS Error
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On this page
  • Identity and access management
  • Relying party
  • OAuth 2.0
  • Open ID Connect
  • JSON web tokens

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  1. Concepts

Identity Fundamentals

Identity and access management

Identity and Access Management (IAM) is a framework that manages digital identities and their access to various resources within a network or systems. IAM technologies and practices enable the right individuals to access the right resources at the right times and for the right reasons. For example, if a user wants to access a resource, IAM management verifies the user and controls their access to the resources.

Authgear acts as an IAM provider that is a gatekeeper to the resources you provide to customers as web and mobile applications, APIs, etc. The gatekeeper initiates authorization as outlined in OAuth 2.0. The addition of the OpenID Connect layer adds authentication to secure your users’ digital identities and your product.

Relying party

In the context of identity and access management, a "relying party" is a system or application that relies on a separate system such as Authgear client SDK or libraries to authenticate a user's identity. Essentially, the relying party trusts another system to tell it that a user is who they claim to be.

Here's an example to illustrate the concept:

  1. A user wants to log into an online service (the relying party).

  2. The relying party doesn't handle authentication directly but instead relies on a trusted third-party system like Authgear.

  3. The user logs into the third-party system, which verifies their identity.

  4. The third-party system tells the relying party that the user's identity has been verified.

  5. The relying party then grants the user access based on this verification.

OAuth 2.0

The OAuth 2.0 authorization framework is a protocol that allows a user to grant a third-party website or application access to the user's protected resources, without necessarily revealing their long-term credentials or even their identity. It’s the standard that allows third-party developers to rely on large social platforms like Facebook, Google, and Twitter for login. Authgear generates access tokens for API authorization scenarios, in JSON web token (JWT) format. The permissions are represented by the access token.

Open ID Connect

A simple identity layer that sits on top of OAuth 2.0, OpenID Connect (OIDC) makes it easy to verify a user’s identity and obtain basic profile information from the identity provider. OIDC is another open standard protocol. You can Authgear as an Identity Provider (IdP) that uses OIDC standards.

JSON web tokens

JSON web tokens (JWTs) are an open standard that defines a compact and self-contained way for securely transmitting information between parties as a JSON object. JWTs can be verified and trusted because they’re digitally signed. They can be used to pass the identity of authenticated users between the identity provider and the service requesting the authentication. They also can be authenticated and encrypted.

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Last updated 1 year ago

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